The Right Questions

Picasso

Dora. Pablo Picasso is one of the most magnificent artists in history because he did things exclusively his own way managing to hold onto his immeasurable curiosity and playfulness till the day he died.

The painter goes through states of fullness and evacuation. That is the whole secret of art … a painter paints to unload himself of feelings and visions.” – Pablo Picasso

As human beings in a world so hurried and obsessed with success and accomplishment, we tend towards focusing constantly on the what, when or where.

All too often we think that if only we knew exactly what to do or when and where to do it, we’d eliminate all our problems, diminish our struggles, and achieve our dreams. Unfortunately, this is often a fallacy. Experience shows that the what, when and where of art is rather elusive, despite its alluring quality of appearing so very measurable. Art is, both inconveniently and thankfully, utterly immeasurable.

“… drawings inspire, and are not to be defined. They determine nothing. They place us, as does music in the ambiguous realm of the undetermined. They are a kind of metaphor…” – Odilon Redon

We all want to do the right thing. We want tangible solutions. Action that is seen as productive, assured and achievable. If we know the way, we’d solve the problem. If we acquire the knowledge, we’d know what to do. But how common it is that we know what to do, but still can’t seem to do it? (Like eating well, learning new skills or giving back to society?) Why can’t we carry through with our hopes/visions or do what the books tell us? Why can’t we alleviate our pain? Because knowledge alone does not equate to understanding.

Terada_Fish

From Terada’s Black Marker series. Masterful creator Katsuya Terada is one of the most prolific artists in the Manga/Anime world.

The unpredictable, dynamic and transient nature of the world makes the question of what, when or where, not only impractical but insolvable.  Trying to determine exactly the right solution exactly at the right time is a fool’s game. And since any art worth doing, is something new and fresh, attempting to use a fixed method or technique is an act of futility. Doing art implies directly that we must explore the unknown and do so completely on our own . And having any fixed time line or hopefulness of any expected outcome is bound to disappoint. We can only focus on the action at hand and take our chances. Mistakes and failure are not just part of the journey, but the essential component for any kind of advancement.  We can’t make art any other way.

“My advice to you is to venture, meet some other difficulties, be a real student. Real students go out of beaten paths, whether beaten by themselves or by others, and have adventure with the unknown… it is only the real student who dares to take a chance, who has a real good time in life.” – Robert Henri

dumbo_Trunk

Dumbo. The work of Bill Tytla still stands out despite the dominance of 3D computer technology. Weight is much more than just a “physical” thing.

Sometimes we think that timing is the answer. We think that with “good timing” things will fall our way regardless of whether we’re any good or if we’ve put in the time or not. It’s all too common to hear non-performers bemoan their upbringing or lack of good fortune. The ability to predict the future is the hardest, most impossible thing to do. Life cannot be timed. If it could be, everyone would be doing it, and then no one would want to. So don’t beget the lack of good timing in your life, or your long and seemingly tortuous path towards success.  Take a breath and enjoy your journey, no matter how difficult, no matter how much patience it requires from you. It’s actually good to be reminded that anything worth doing tends to take a long time. The universe has its own agenda – one entirely independent of your desires, but not independent of your actions.

“Do not let the fact that things are not made for you, that conditions are not as they should be, stop you. Go on anyway. Everything depends on those that go on anyway.” – Robert Henri

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Lily Pads. Does anyone know or care to know how long it took Monet to create this painting? Good work is done with complete disregard of how long it “should” take. If the work needs to be done, take the time to do it and do it right.

Unique problems require unique individual solutions. Creative challenges change continually and dynamically. The scale, scope or timing of your adventures is an entirely exclusive proposition for you to experience – and how wonderful is that! Trying to escape that experience but wanting a predetermined outcome is like trying to grab water with your hands.

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The Scornful Woman. Despite living within a very short life span, Egon Schiele remains one of the most distinct artists in history. His work was uniquely and stylistically his own, reflecting his views, his desires and the life around him.

So what can we do if we can’t determine the clear “what” or “when”?  Since life does things on its own terms, our only choice lies in how we respond to the situation. We have to turn inwards.

“Be sure that your decisions are really made by yourself. Decisions made by yourself may be of a nature very unexpected. In other words, very few people know what they want, very few people know what they think. Many think and do not know it and many thinking they are thinking and are not thinking. Self-education is no easy proposition.” – Robert Henri

Keane_pocahontasStoryboard

Pocahontas. Whether it be animation or storyboards (as seen above), Glen Keane’s powerful work is always loaded with direction and intent.

So instead of asking what or when, we need to be asking why and how – questions that are intensely personal. Why are you doing what you’re doing? Why does this task need to be accomplished and what does it mean to you? Why is your character moving this way or that way? Why make this choice over that one? If we know why we’re doing something, the solutions or range of solutions will present itself naturally. Far too many people avoid the question of why and yet seem remarkably stunned to arrive at solutions that bear no significance to the task at hand. What good is building a beautiful window if what was needed was a door?

In terms of how we go about solving our creative problems, we can only say to ourselves that we do the job with integrity and sincerity of effort. We must focus on doing things the right way rather than just finding the right techniques. It’s why professionals always take the same preparatory steps when they address a challenge. They plan, research, test, explore and execute. The best people don’t take short cuts and always give full account of their efforts.

More than in any other vocation, being an artist means always starting from nothing. Our work as artists is courageous and scary. There is no brief that comes along with it, no problem solving that’s given as a task… An artist’s work is almost entirely inquiry based and self-regulated – Teresita Fernández

So when you struggle, and you’re tempted to find the easy solution, know this:  there is NO quick or easy solution. They can be simple, or complex, but never thoughtless or careless.

Hook_FrankThomas

Rough animation keys of Hook and Smee from Disney’s Peter Pan. Frank Thomas always knew why his characters moved and looked the way they did. Extensive research and exploration into the why and how his animation should work gave his art purpose, appeal and relatability.

Know why you’re doing what you’re doing, and do it with love, integrity and honest effort. That is all that the creative world asks of you and all that you can promise to deliver. Then let the results speak for themselves.

“Men either get to know what they want, and go after it, or some other persons tell them what they want and drive them after it. – Robert Henri.

Seeing in All Directions

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Movies about time travel are always fun. In Robert Zemeckis’ wonderful Back To the Future (starting Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd) we ponder the “what ifs” and get to experience the world from a completely different perspective  – by going back in time.

“When I let go of what I am, I become what I might be.” — Lao Tzu

Looking in front, looking side to side, looking back – these are not just the perpetrations of a soldier or an athlete. Being artists we forget that we need to always try to see things in different ways, from different directions. If you’re an animator, this means that you have to look forwards and also backwards in time.

Unfortunately, life seldom affords this luxury.  When we trek forward, a lot of the time our minds are still obsessed with what’s already happened. Struggle and tragedy seem to confirm this reality — the more mistakes we make, the more we regret. Letting go, is not nearly as easily as one casually advises. Or, in the words of satirical cartoonist, Tim Kreider, author of the very funny book, We Learn Nothing:

“It’s easy to demonstrate how progressive and open-minded and loyal you are when it costs you nothing.”

When I lived and worked in Asia, I lived on a high apartment complex that overlooked another building’s rooftop. Each and every morning there was a man who walked backwards endlessly from one end of the rooftop to the other. In a city, like all big cities, where people are constantly charging and rushing forwards, this seemed fascinating to me. Was he trying to go back in time? Was he mentally ill? Or was he simply following a prescribed exercise regimen? Or perhaps, these are just the kind of stupid and silly mental meanderings of an artist who wakes up six o’clock in the morning.

PeppermintCandy

Korean director Lee Chang Dong’s 1999 masterpiece, Peppermint Candy, was a film shot going backwards in time, from the past to the very present. Profoundly executed with great dignity, human emotion and tragedy, it reveals explicitly how our past actions make up who we end being today. Without reflection, one can slide insidiously onto a path that is far from the dreams and ideals we had when we were young.

Although we must live presently in life (even when we plan for it), we can only learn and understand by looking back. It’s the only way we can see ourselves truthfully and objectively. We need perspective, and although feedback from others can be true and honest, we’re not always so receptive to hearing it at the time of struggle or conflict. This is commonly expressed by those who have struggled with addictions, whether those afflictions be psychological or chemical. We can only change when we’re ready and able. To see clearly, oftentimes there needs to be some distance. Sometimes, the most appropriate and effective distance is time.

Degas_14YearOldDancer

Degas’ wax and mixed media piece “Little Fourteen-Year-Old Dancer” shows that he was so much more than a painter of beautiful imagery. This now famous sculpture of a young ballerina, was viewed as “lecherous and disturbing” during its initial exhibition due to its non-conformity to the images of female beauty at the time. We must be cautious of judgement made without the benefit of perspective granted by the passage of time.

Art, because it reflects life, has this power to engage with the past. It can remind us of our history, through its recordings and creative re-interpretations, and can invite us (or sometimes just plain force us) to examine the total human experience from underneath our flesh and deep within our minds.

“I want people to know what it is they’re looking at. But at the same time, the closer they get to the painting, it’s like going back into childhood. And it’s like an abstract piece… it becomes the landscape of the brush marks rather than just sort of an intellectual landscape. — Jenny Saville

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“Reverse.” Jenny Saville’s magnificent work is both large in size (this one measures 7 x 8 feet) and emotional impact. She captures the visceral effect of flesh like few others.

As artists, we often look back at our work and cringe. Whether you’re  Edgar Degas or Jenny Saville, we all struggle to look back into our past for some reason. (Degas was famous for stealing his paintings back to re-work them, while Saville on the other hand, admits to being unable to view her old work). We easily forget that those past choices helped us get better and to know ourselves better. The danger we have in our lives today (and in this industry in general) is our obsession with speed and productivity. If we don’t stop to think and don’t stop to look back, with no post-mortem so to speak, we’ll not only continue to repeat our errors, but we’ll never do anything truly new or exciting. In other words, we’ll stop doing anything that’s worth doing. This is common behavior today, both individually and in society as a whole.

“We are not here to do what has already been done.” — Robert Henri

yi-yi

Walking forward, you can only see what’s in front of you and not behind. In Yi-Yi, Edward Yang’s beautiful film about life in modern day Taiwan, a young boy photographs people unsuspectingly to help others see from a viewpoint they’re not often privy to. Yang’s film explores living with perspective, hardship and the curiosity of “what if” by telling a story with characters who get a chance to re-visit their past. Would we make the same decisions if we saw things differently – if we could’ve have seen what’s in front of us or what’s behind?

This is why feedback is important. And it has to come from all sources and not just those who work or live with us. But what actually matters most is our own perspective after the fact – only we can see, look back, and reflect on the correlation between the problems at the time, the decisions we’ve made, and why we might do things differently given our newfound objectivity and inspection of the results and outcomes.

Without studying our own work and thinking process, we can’t improve.

You can’t connect the dots looking forward you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.” — Steve Jobs.

Looking back into the past can be painful — personal traumas, bad relationships, the agonies of defeat or failure are hard, if not impossible things to erase. But only by looking back, can we learn from those trials. As artists, it’s the only way to get better and make our lives more enjoyable. If we don’t look back, study and learn from previous experiments, we’ll repeat those same mistakes over and over again. Habits form whether we like them to or not.

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Drawings like these only come from years of hard learned experience and hours of exploration. Milt Kahl didn’t become “MILT KAHL” overnight — it took decades of learning, practice and reflection. From Disney’s Jungle Book.

The paradox can be troubling — we must learn from the past, but at the same time let go of it. I suppose it’s not profound to say that life is hard. But at the end of the day, our art, and who we are, is determined by our actions at the moment. We can only do our best.

“Make good things happen and bring warmth, joy and inspiration to yourself and others.”  — Søren Kierkegaard